Safety

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Mud turtles have green or dark brown smooth shells with no patterns on them. They are small turtles; only to 5 inches long, and eat tadpoles, worms, insects, and plants.To identify whether the following changes are physical or chemical.

Safety Precautions The safety precautions you should know for an experimental lab are always wear safety goggles so chemicals don't burn your eyes, for girls and boys you should tie your hair back and roll up your sleeves so your hair or sleeves don't catch on fire. You should always stand up in a lab because you react faster and keep the aisles clear. If you're using a Bunsen Burner never leave it unattended, and if your checking the odour of a chemicals always use your hands to waft the fumes carefully towards you.

Chemical spills should be cleaned instantly. Also make sure the lab table is clear of any flammable items. No metals are to be dumped into the sink, same with Barium Nitrate and copper sulfate. Any acid is corrosive.

Materials Zinc Hydrochloric Acid (6 mol) Lead Nitrate

Vinegar Potassium Iodide Baking Soda

Copper Sulfate Barium Nitrate Magnesium

Bunsen Burner Matches Test Tube Rack

Pipette Scoopula Water

Test Tubes Bromothymol Blue

Procedure

1) Magnesium and Oxygen

1. Put safety goggles on if you don't already have them on for all experiments.

. Plug the Bunsen burner into the gas valve turn the gas on.

. When the flame appeared make sure it is blue.

4. Hold the Magnesium with tweezers in the flame.

5. Observe and record the results.

6. When a spark of white light has shown put the magnesium into a beaker of water.

7. Clean up the Bunsen burner and station for all experiments.

) Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid

1. Repeat step number one.

. Take a test tube from a test tube rack.

. Scoop 1- scoops of zinc up with a scoopula and put it into the test tube.

4. Put 1- drops of Hydrochloric acid with an eye dropper into the test tube with the

5. Mix it together and observe the results.

6. Dispose of the chemicals when you're done. Clean up station.

) Lead Nitrate and Potassium Iodide

1. Repeat step number one.

. Take a test tube from a test tube rack.

. Put 1- drops of lead nitrate with an eyedropper into the test tube.

4. Put 1- drops of Potassium iodide with an eyedropper into the test tube with the lead nitrate in the same test tube.

5. Observe and record the results

6. Dispose the chemical when you're done. Clean up station.

4) Vinegar and Baking Soda

1. Repeat step number one.

. Take a test tube from the test tube rack.

. Using a pipette place mL of Vinegar with an eyedropper into the test tube.

4. Place 1- scoops some baking soda with a scoopula and put it into the test tube with the vinegar.

5. Observe and record the results.

6. Dispose the chemical when you're done. Clean up the station

5) Copper Sulfate and Barium Nitrate

1. Repeat step number one.

. Take a test tube from the test tube rack.

. Squeeze - drops of Copper sulfate into the test tube.

4. Squeeze - drops of Barium Nitrate into the test tube with the Copper sulfate.

5. Observe and record the results.

6. Dispose the chemicals when you're done. Clean up the station.

6) Vinegar and Bromothymol Blue Indicator

1. Repeat step number one.

. Take a test tube from the test tube rack.

. Put 1- drops of vinegar with an eyedropper into the test tube.

4. Squeeze - drops Bromothymol blue indicator into the test tube with the vinegar.

5. Observe and record the results.

6. Dispose the chemicals when you're done. Clean up station.

7) Copper Sulfate and Water

1. Repeat step number one.

. Take a test tube from the test tube rack.

. Scoop 1- scoops of copper sulfate with a scoopula and put it into the test tube.

4. Put some water with an eyedropper into the test tube with the copper sulfate.

5. Observe and record the results.

6. Dispose the chemicals when you're done. Clean up station.

Observations

Station # Name of Starting Materials Description of Starting Materials Description of Products Once they React Chemical or Physical Change

1. 1.Magnesium. Oxygen -Sliver strip-Hard, thin-Clear-Odourless-Gas -Bright spark of white light Chemical- Light and heat are given off

. 1. Zinc. Hydrochloric acid -Powder-Light weight-Grey-Colourless-Odourless-Liquid -Bubbles of heat-Mechanical mixture-The zinc and acid separates Chemical- Bubbles of gas are formed

. 1.Lead Nitrate.Potassium Iodide -Colouless-Liquid-Unusual smell-Yellow-Strong Smell-Liquid -A new colour appeared -Difficult to reverse-Mixed into one new substance Chemical-A new colour appeared -Difficult to reverse -Heat was given off

4. 1.Vinegar (acetic acid). Baking Soda (sodium bicarbonate) -Bad Smell-Clear-Liquid-White -Powder-Odourless -Light weight - Bubbles of gas were formed - A lot of pressure, overflowed Chemical- Bubbles of gas were formed

5. 1. Copper Sulfate. Barium Nitrate -Green-Liquid-Translucent-Clear-Transparent-Liquid -A new colour appears - Several bubbles of gas formed Chemical-A new colour appears

6. 1. Vinegar.Bromothymol Blue Indicator -Translucent- Clear-Smells Bad-Blue-Liquid-Opaque - A new colour appears- Difficult to reverse- Once the blue contacted with the vinegar it changed to a orange colour Chemical-a new colour appeared-Difficult to reverse

7. 1. Copper Sulfate.Water -Blue + white small pieces-Light weight-Clear-Odourless-Liquid - Separated into different substances- Its easy to reverse Physical-Substances remained the same

Conclusion In Conclusion my hypothesis was correct because I predicted that 6 out of the 7 chemicals would be chemical change and not physical because of the way that the chemicals would react to the other substances. Also I predicted that the copper sulfate and the water would be physical change because of the two substances separated. They didn't dissolve into one whole substance they stayed, as .The way I knew that the labs were chemical change because of the 5 clues a new colour appears, heat or light is given off, bubbles of gas are formed, the solid forms into a liquid, and it is difficult to reverse. There was more chemical change because more of the experiments reacted chemically and formed into one new whole substance instead of staying as two separate substances.

Discussion

1. What are the 5 clues that a chemical change has occurred?

a) A new colour appears

b) Heat and light are given off

c) Bubbles are formed by gas

d) The solid material forms into a liquid

e) Its difficult to reverse

. Which substances underwent a physical change?

The Substance that I think underwent a physical change was the Copper Sulfate and water.

. There are three ways a change can be physical what are they?

a) Shape b) Size c) State

4. Name one everyday use of each of the chemicals used in the lab?(Except Copper Sulfate and Barium Nitrate)

One everyday use of each of the chemicals used in the lab are

Magnesium- it is used for metals and to reduce greenhouse gases

Oxygen-It is used to help us breath and it helps make things grow

Zinc-It is used for plants, to make them grow, doesn't turn leaves yellow

Hydrochloric Acid-used to assist protein digestion by activating the stomach

Lead Nitrate-It is an applicant that's in the pigment industry and in Gold Mining

Potassium Iodide-it is used to reduce the risk of thyroid Cancer in a nuclear emergency is released

Vinegar-it is a food product, used for cooking, brakes things down

Baking Soda- it is used for cleaning and cooking

Bromothymol Blue Indicator-It is used in swimming pools to check the Ph levels

Water- it keeps us hydrated

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